Water is defined as an essential nutrient because it is required in amounts that exceed the body's ability to produce it.

Eating and drinking in labour is a controversial subject, with policies varying widely amongst practitioners. Historically, eating has been discouraged during labour, but today, there is an increasing trend of allowing patients to eat and drink as they wish.

Alcohol addiction refers to a physical dependence on alcohol. This is a serious medical issue that can have permanent consequences, such as brain damage and an increased risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease.

This test measures the amount of ethanol in the blood, urine, breath or saliva (oral fluid). Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol or alcohol) has been consumed

Constipation is often defined as having fewer than three bowel movements a week. It also encompasses the passing of hard, dry bowel motions or straining to defecate. Constipation can usually be prevented and treated by maintaining a high-fibre diet, increasing water intake and exercising regularly.

A burn is an injury in which the skin or other organic tissue is damaged by heat, radiation, radioactivity, electricity, friction or chemicals. A scald is a burn injury caused by a wet agent such as hot water or steam. Burns and scalds can vary in severity from minor to potentially fatal, depending on their size and depth.

The stool culture is a test that detects and identifies bacteria that cause infections of the lower digestive tract. The test distinguishes between the types

This test measures the amount of copper in the blood, urine, or liver tissue (hepatic). Copper is an essential mineral that the body incorporates into enzyme

Osmolality is a measure of the number of particles dissolved in a kilogram of fluid.Osmolarity is the number of particles in a litre of flu

This test measures the level of sodium in blood. Sodium is an electrolyte present in all body fluids and is vital to normal body function. It works to regula